Gaborone

Gaborone —  City  — From top to bottom: skyline view of Gaborone, statue of Seretse Khama, the city centre of Gaborone, bird's-eye view of Gaborone Nickname(s): Gabs, GC, Gabz, G-City Gaborone Location of Gaborone in Botswana Coordinates: 24°39′29″S 25°54′44″E / 24.65806°S 25.91222°E / -24.65806; 25.91222Coordinates: 24°39′29″S 25°54′44″E / 24.65806°S 25.91222°E / -24.65806; 25.91222 Country  Botswana District Gaborone Sub-district Gaborone Founded 19641 Named for Chief Kgosi Gaborone Government  - Mayor Harry K. Mothei (BNF)2 Area3  - Total 19.6 km2 (7.6 sq mi) Elevation4 983 m (3,225 ft) Population (2006)5  - Total 191,776  - Density 1,101/km2 (2,851.6/sq mi) Time zone Central Africa Time (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+2) Geographical area code67 3XX ISO 3166 code BW-SE Twin Cities  - Burbank  United States  - Zhejiang Province  China Website Gaborone City Council Website Gaborone (Tswana IPA: [χabʊˈrʊnɪ];missing tone English /ˌɡæbəˈroʊniː/ or /ˌxɑːbəˈroʊneɪ/, named after Chief Kgosi Gabarone) is the capital and largest city of Botswana with a population of 191,776 based on a 2006 survey,5 about 10% of the total population of Botswana. Gaborone is situated between Kgale and Oodi Hills, on the Notwane River in the southeastern corner of Botswana, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the South African border.8 The city is served by the Sir Seretse Khama International Airport. It is an administrative district in its own right, but is the capital of the surrounding South-East District.9 Locals often refer to the city as Gabs.10 Because the city had no tribal affiliation and was close to fresh water, the city was planned to be the capital in the mid-1960s when the Bechuanaland Protectorate became an independent nation. The center of the city is a long strip of commercial businesses, called the Mall, with a semicircle-shaped area of government offices to the west of the Mall. The city is one of the fastest-growing cities in the world, and this has created problems with housing and illegal settlements. The city has also dealt with conflicts spilling into the country from Zimbabwe and South Africa during the 1980s. The city is the government capital as well as the economic capital; the city is headquarters to numerous companies and the Botswana Stock Exchange. Gaborone is also home to the Southern African Development Community (SADC) a supranational organization, hoping to increase economic unity. Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 3 Demographics 3.1 Religion 4 Arts and culture 5 Economy 6 Sports 7 Parks and recreation 7.1 Parks 7.1.1 Gaborone Dam 7.1.2 Gaborone Game Reserve 7.1.3 Kgale Hill 7.1.4 Mokolodi Nature Reserve 7.1.5 Somarelang Tikologo Ecological Park 8 Government 9 Education 9.1 Universities 10 Media 11 Infrastructure 11.1 Utilities 11.1.1 Water 11.2 Health Care 11.2.1 Cancer 11.3 Transportation 11.3.1 Rail 11.3.2 Air 11.3.3 Road 11.3.4 Public transport 12 Notable natives and residents 13 Sister cities 14 Gallery 15 References 16 External links History Main article: History of Gaborone A postage stamp circa 1943, the postmark reading "Gaborone's Village" Rev. Derek Jones, the first mayor of Gaborone Evidence shows that there have been inhabitants along the Notwane River for centuries. In more recent history, Chief Kgosi Gaborone left the Magaliesberg to settle in the area around 1880, and called the settlement Moshaweng. The city was then called Gaberones by the early European settlers.11 Gaberones, derived from Gaborone's Village, was named after Chief Gaborone of the BaTlokwa,8 whose home village, now called Tlokweng, was across the river from the Government Camp, the name of the colonial government headquarters. The nickname, GC, comes from the name Government Camp.10 In 1890, Cecil John Rhodes picked Gaberones to house a colonial fort.12 The fort was where Rhodes planned the Jameson Raid.11 The city changed its name from Gaberones to Gaborone in 1969.13 In 1965, the capital of the Bechuanaland Protectorate moved from Mafeking to Gaberones. When Botswana gained its independence, Lobatse was the first choice as the nation's capital. However, Lobatse was deemed too limited, and instead, a new capital city would be created next to Gaberones.10 The city was chosen because of its proximity to a fresh water source, its proximity to the railway to Pretoria, its central location among the central tribes, and its lack of association with those surrounding tribes.8 The city was planned under Garden city principles with numerous pedestrian walkways and open spaces.3 Building of Gaborone started in mid-1964. During the city's construction, the chairman of Gaberones Township Authority, Geoffrey Cornish, likened the layout of the city to a “brandy glass” with the government offices in the base of the glass and businesses in the “mall”, a strip of land extending from the base.14 Most of the city was built within three years. Buildings in early Gaborone include Assembly buildings, government offices, a power station, a hospital, schools, a radio station, a telephone exchange, police stations, a post office, and more than 1,000 houses.15 Because the city was built so quickly, there was a massive influx of labourers who had built illegal settlements on the new city's southern industrial development zone. These settlements were named Naledi. Naledi literally means the star, but could also mean under the open sky or a community that stands out from all others. In 1971, because of the growth of illegal settlements, the Gaborone Town Council and the Ministry of Local Government and Lands surveyed an area called Bontleng, which would contain low-income housing. However, Naledi still grew, and the demand for housing was greater than ever. In 1973, the Botswana Housing Corporation (BHC) built a "New Naledi" across the road from the "Old Naledi". Residents from Old Naledi would be moved to New Naledi. However, the demand for housing increased yet again; moreover, the residents who relocated to New Nadeli disliked the houses. The problem was solved in 1975 when Sir Seretse Khama, the president of Botswana, rezoned Naledi from an industrial zone to a low-income housing area.16 On 30 September 1966, Bechuanaland became the eleventh British dependency in Africa to become independent. The first mayor of Gaborone was Reverend Derek Jones.17 The old Gaberones became a suburb of the new Gaborone, and is now known as "the Village".10 In the mid-1980s, South Africa attacked Botswana and conducted raids on Gaborone and other border towns. The raids resulted in fifteen civilian deaths.18 After the 1994 General Elections, riots started in Gaborone because of high unemployment and other issues.18 Today, Gaborone is growing very rapidly. In 1964, Gaborone only had 3,855 citizens;19 seven years later, the city had almost eighteen thousand residents.20 The city originally planned on 20,000 citizens, but by 1992, the city had 138,000 people. This has led to many squatter settlements on undeveloped land.21 Geography Gaborone is situated at 24°39′29″S 25°54′44″E / 24.65806°S 25.91222°E / -24.65806; 25.91222 between Kgale and Oodi Hills, on the Notwane River in the southeastern corner of Botswana, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the South African border8 Gaborone is surrounded by the following cities: Ramotswa to the southeast, Mogoditshane to the northwest, and Mochudi to the east, and Tlokweng across the river. Most of them are commuter towns for Gaborone. Suburbs in Gaborone include Broadhurst, Gaborone West, The Village, Naledi,8 and New Canada. Phakalane, an affluent suburb, lies outside the city limits.22 In the center of the city lies the Mall, the financial and tourism center of Gaborone. The Mall houses numerous banks and shopping centres. At the eastern end of the Mall, one can find the Civic Centre along with the Pula Arch that commemorates Botswana's independence. The Botswana Stock Exchange, National Museum and Art Gallery, and the main campus of the University of Botswana also lie near the Mall. To the west of the Mall is the Government Enclave. This area contains the governmental buildings such as the National Assembly of Botswana and House of Chiefs of Botswana buildings. The National Archives building is also found here.23 Mogoditshane, Molepolole Dumadumana, Kopong, Lentsweletau Tlokweng, Pilane, Mochudi Gabane, Thamaga Modipane, Sikwane    Gaborone     Kanye Ramotswa, Otse, Lobatse Climate Gaborone Climate chart (explanation) J F M A M J J A S O N D     143   32 20     82   32 19     74   30 17     30   28 13     8.3   24 9     7.5   23 4     1   23 5     0.9   26 8     5.8   31 15     5.8   33 17     58   33 18     71   32 18 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm Source: 24 Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     5.6   90 68     3.2   90 66     2.9   86 63     1.2   82 55     0.3   75 48     0.3   73 39     0   73 41     0   79 46     0.2   88 59     0.2   91 63     2.3   91 64     2.8   90 64 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches Gaborone has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). Most of the year, Gaborone is very sunny. The summers are usually hot. The nights are cool. Usually, the summers with little rainfall are warmer than summers with regular rainfall. If there is a drought, the hottest temperatures of the year are usually in January of February. If there is normal rainfall, the hottest temperatures are usually in October, right before the rain starts. During the winter, days are still warm, and the nights are cold.25 There are on average seventy-four days per year with temperatures above 32 °C (90 °F). There is on average 196 days per year with temperatures above 26 °C (79 °F). There is on average fifty-one days per year with temperatures below 7 °C (45 °F). There is on average one day per year with temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F).26 The average dew point peaks around January and February at 16 °C (61 °F) and hits the lowest levels in July at 2 °C (36 °F). The average dew point in a given year is 10 °C (50 °F).26 Precipitation in Gaborone is sparse and variable. Most of the rainfall in Gaborone falls during the summer months, between October and April.25 There is on average forty days of thunderstorms per year, most of them happening during the summer months, and four days of fog, usually happening during the winter months.26 Gaborone has been affected by three floods based on records going back to 1995, one in 2000, one in 2001 that caused an estimated 5,000,000 Botswana pula worth of damage, and one in 2006.24 The highest humidity occurs in June at 90% while the lowest humidity is in September at 28%.25 Solar radiation levels range from 14.6 MJ/m² in June to 26.2 MJ/m² in December.25 It is windier from August to November at 14 kilometres per hour (8.7 mph), and it is calmer from May to July at 8 kilometres per hour (5.0 mph). The average wind speed in a given year is 12 kilometres per hour (7.5 mph).26 Climate data for Gaborone Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 39.4 (103) 40 (104) 38.9 (102) 36.7 (98) 32.8 (91) 28.9 (84) 28.3 (83) 32.8 (91) 39.4 (103) 37.8 (100) 40 (104) 39.4 (103) 40 (104) Average high °C (°F) 30.6 (87) 30 (86) 28.9 (84) 26.1 (79) 23.3 (74) 20.6 (69) 20.6 (69) 24.4 (76) 30.6 (87) 28.9 (84) 30 (86) 30 (86) 26.7 (80) Daily mean °C (°F) 26.7 (80) 25.6 (78) 24.4 (76) 21.1 (70) 17.8 (64) 13.9 (57) 13.9 (57) 17.2 (63) 21.1 (70) 23.9 (75) 25 (77) 25.6 (78) 21.1 (70) Average low °C (°F) 22.2 (72) 21.1 (70) 19.4 (67) 16.1 (61) 11.7 (53) 7.2 (45) 7.2 (45) 10.6 (51) 15 (59) 18.3 (65) 20 (68) 21.1 (70) 15.6 (60) Record low °C (°F) 13.9 (57) 12.8 (55) 11.1 (52) 0 (32) -1.1 (30) -1.1 (30) -2.2 (28) 0 (32) 5 (41) 7.2 (45) 7.8 (46) 11.1 (52) -2.2 (28) Precipitation mm (inches) 97 (3.8) 84 (3.3) 71 (2.8) 41 (1.6) 13 (0.5) 5 (0.2) 3 (0.1) 5 (0.2) 15 (0.6) 43 (1.7) 66 (2.6) 89 (3.5) 526 (20.7) Avg. precipitation days 7 5 4 3 1 0 0 1 1 4 6 8 40 Source: Weatherbase26 Demographics Historical populations Year Pop.  %± 1964 3,855 — 1971 17,700 359.1% 1981 59,100 233.9% 1991 133,500 125.9% 2001 186,007 39.3% 2006 191,776 3.1% 51920 The population, based on a 2006 survey, is 191,776. There are 92,859 males and 98,917 females in the city.5 There are 58,476 households in Gaborone.27 The city of Gaborone is home to over 10% of the population of Botswana.518 The population growth rate of Gaborone is 3.4%, the highest in the country. This is most likely because the city has a more developed infrastructure, making it more livable.28 Gaborone is one of the fastest-growing cities in the world.8 Much of the growth is based on net in migration from the rest of Botswana.29 The sex ratio of Gaborone is 97.6, meaning that there are 976 men for every 1,000 women.28 Most of the marriages in Botswana are registered in Gaborone; about 15% of all marriages in Botswana were registered in Gaborone in 2007.30 On average, there are 3.3 persons per househould in Gaborone. This is a low number compared to the rest of Botswana.5 It is estimated that over one-third of the people living in Gaborone, 38.8%, have HIV—the highest prevalence in the world. The rate is even higher for people between the ages of 15 and 49 at 44%.3 Religion Map of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gaborone The Roman Catholic Diocese of Gaborone, which is under the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pretoria, is located in the city. The diocese contains the southern half of Botswana, and the bishop for the diocese is Bishop Valentine Tsamma Seane who was consecrated on 25 April 2009. The previous bishop was Boniface Tshosa Setlalekgosi. There is a catholic cathedral called Christ the King Cathedral.3132 There is a Hindu temple in Gaborone, nicknamed Hindu Hall, as well as a gurudwara and a mosque.33 Construction started in May 2001 on a Venkateswara temple in Gaborone West for a local community of Telugu people by the Botswana Hindu Charities Trust34 and was complete in September 2007. The Indian High Commissioner, and the President Festus Mogae visited the temple upon its completion.35 Arts and culture The National Museum and Art Gallery is located just northwest of the Mall along Independence Road.36 The museum opened in 1968. It holds many things from traditional crafts to works of art by local artists. The museum houses original paintings by Thomas Baines and Lucas Sithole. Exhibits include Artists in Botswana, Children's Art Competition and Thapong International. Outside the museum, there are various forms of transportation such as wagons, sledges, and bakkies (pickup trucks).37 There is also an exhibit on the Bushmen, the earliest inhabitants of southern Africa.38 The museum opened a 3.6-hectare (9-acre)39 botanical garden called the National Botanical Garden on 2 November 2007.40 The garden was built to protect Botswana's indigenous plant life, and 90% of its total plant species are native plants from Botswana.39 The Maitisong Festival was started in 1987 and is held every year for seven days on either the last week of March or the first week of April. The festival holds outdoor concerts, plays, and movies in various venues around the city.11 “My African Dream” is a performing-arts competition that is held every year at the Gaborone International Convention Center. The show features many kwaito dancers and musicians.18 The book series, The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency, is set in Gaborone. The series is written by Alexander McCall Smith. The books follow Precious Ramotswe, the first female private detective in Botswana, and the mysteries that she solves. Economy Debswana offices in the downtown area Southern African Development Community headquarters Gaborone is the center of the national economy. The headquarters of important financial institutions such as the Bank of Botswana, Bank Gaborone, BancABC, and the Botswana Stock Exchange are located downtown, as well as the headquarters for Air Botswana, Consumer Watchdog, Botswana Telecommunications Corporation, and Debswana, the joint diamond mining venture between De Beers and the Botswana government. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) has its headquarters in Gaborone; the organization was formed in 1980 to increase economic cooperation among its members and reduce dependence on South Africa.8 Several international companies have invested in the city: Hyundai, IBM, Daewoo, Volvo, Owens-Corning, and Siemens.29 Orapa House, owned by Debswana through the Botswana Diamond Valuing Company (BDVC), is where the diamonds mined from Debswana are sorted and valued.41 Orapa House, located at the intersection of Khama Crescent and Nelson Mandela Drive,36 has a unique style of architecture that allows the perfect amount of indirect sunlight to shine through the windows in order to accurately sort diamonds.42 According to Mercer's 2010 Worldwide Cost of Living Survey, Gaborone has the 203rd highest cost of living for expatriates in the world. Gaborone is the third least expensive city for expatriates in Africa, coming in above Addis Ababa, Ethiopia at 208th and Windhoek, Namibia at 205th. Karachi, Pakistan ranks last in the world at 214.43 Sports Botswana National Stadium in August 2010 Stadiums in Gaborone 4445 Venue Sport Capacity Club(s) Botswana National Stadium Football, Athletics, Rugby, Tennis 50,000 Gaborone United, Notwane F.C., Police XI, Township Rollers F.C. Mochudi Stadium Football 10,000 Mochudi Centre Chiefs SSKB Stadium Football 5,000 Botswana Defence Force XI University of Botswana Stadium Football 5,000 Uniao Flamengo Santos F.C. There are several football stadiums located in and around Gaborone. They are SSKB Stadium, Mochudi Stadium, and Botswana National Stadium. There are also many football teams representing Gaborone. They include Botswana Defence Force XI, Gaborone United, Notwane FC, Police XI, and Uniao Flamengo Santos FC; all of them play in the Botswana Premier League. The Botswana national football team play in the National Stadium, but have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup nor the Africa Cup of Nations. The Botswana Cricket Association, the governing body of cricket in Botswana, is headquartered in Gaborone. The Gaborone City Marathon, the second marathon in Botswana, was held 18 April 2010. The route started at the Phakalane Golf Estate in Phakalane, north of the city, and went through Gaborone, passing the National Assembly Building.46 Parks and recreation Parks Satellite image of the city; the large lake is Gaborone Dam Gaborone Dam The Gaborone Dam is located south of Gaborone along the Gaborone-Lobatse road, and provides water for both Gaborone and Lobatse. The dam is the biggest in Botswana, able to hold 141,400,000 cubic metres (3.735×1010 US gal).47 It is also starting to be marketed as a recreational area. The northern end of the reservoir is planned to become an entertainment venue called The Waterfront. There is a yacht club, called Gaborone Yacht Club, also on the northern side of the lake. The southern end houses the Kalahari Fishing Club and a new public facility called City Scapes. City Scapes contains parks, playgrounds, and boating facilities.48 The dam is popular with birdwatchers, windsurfers, and anglers.11 However, there is no swimming due to crocodiles and parasitic bilharzias.42 Gaborone Game Reserve The Gaborone Game Reserve is a 600-hectare (1,500-acre) park east of the city on Limpopo Drive.36 The reserve was built in 1988 and is now the third-busiest in Botswana. Examples of animals in the park are impala, kudu, ostriches, wildebeest, zebras, gemsbok, bushbuck, springbok, duiker, Common Eland,49 and warthogs.11 The park is famous for its birdwatching.38 Birds in the marshy section of the park include snake eagles, boubou, gallinule,49 kingfishers, and hornbills.11 Kgale Hill Kgale Hill is located a few hundred metres from the city. The hill is nicknamed the Sleeping Giant and is 1,287 metres (4,222 ft). There are three different paths to reach the top, usually taking two hours.11 Mokolodi Nature Reserve The Mokolodi Nature Reserve is a 30-square-kilometre (12 sq mi) reserve that was created in 1994.50 It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Gaborone.11 There are many different species of animals found in the park such as warthogs, steenbok, kudu, zebras, giraffes, Common Eland, ostriches, hippos and rhinos. The park helps with wildlife projects in Botswana that include: the reintroduction of the White Rhino and the relocation of “problem” cheetahs. Mokolodi also holds the Education Centre, which teaches children about the conservation projects.50 Somarelang Tikologo Ecological Park Somarelang Tikologo Community Playground Somarelang Tikologo (Environment Watch Botswana) is a member-based environmental NGO housed inside an ecological park at the heart of Gabarone. The aim of the organization is to promote sustainable environmental protection by educating, demonstrating and encouraging best practices in environmental planning, resource conservation and waste management in Botswana. The park was officially opened by the Botswana Minister of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism, Onkokame kitso Mokaila on 27 February 2009. The park contains a playground for children to play on throughout the day, a community organic garden, a recycling drop-off center, and a shop where visitors can purchase products made of recycled material.51 Government The National Assembly of Botswana Gaborone is controlled by the Gaborone City Council. The city council is run by the city clerk and the deputy city clerk. The city is governed by the mayor, deputy mayor, and several committees run by councillors: the financial and general purposes committee; the public health, social welfare and housing committee; the Self-Help Housing Agency (SHAA) management committee; the town planning committee; the trade licensing committee; and the education committee.29 The councillors elect the mayor and place each other in the committees yearly.19 The council has 2,515 employees.29 The city council has been criticised by the Botswana Association of Local Authorities for its closed elections and minimal authority.19 In 2010, the council had problems with waste management: Frenic, the waste management company hired by the city, sued the Gaborone City Council for unpaid compensation.52 This has led to a buildup of uncollected garbage.53 The city has had eleven mayors since 1966. Two mayors were women.19 Several are listed below: Derek Jones17 Serara T. Ketlogetswe54 Nelson Ramaotwana55 Paul Rantao56 Harry Mothei2 Gaborone is the political center of Botswana. Most government buildings are located west of the Mall in an area called the Government Enclave.36 The National Assembly of Botswana, the House of Chiefs of Botswana, the National Archives,3 and the Ministry of Health. Near the entrance of the parliament building, there is a statue of Sir Seretse Khama, Botswana's first president as well as a memorial dedicated to the three hundred Batswana who were killed from 1939 to 1945.2357 Before 1982, Gaborone held one parliamentary constituency, one seat in the Parliament of Botswana. From 1982 to 1993, Botswana was divided into two constituencies, Gaborone North and Gaborone South. A third seat in Parliament was given to a member elected for the whole city of Gaborone. In January 1993, two new constituencies were created: Gaborone West and Gaborone Central. For local government elections, the four constituencies were divided into wards. Gaborone North had seven, Gaborone West had seven. Gaborone Central had six, and Gaborone South had five.29 In 2002, the city had five constituencies: Gaborone North, Gaborone Central, Gaborone South, Gaborone West North, and Gabororone West South.58 An International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) was established on 24 July 2001 in Gaborone. The academy would provide training for middle managers for the countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC).59 The city is also home to several embassies and consuls. List of Foreign Missions and International Organizations in Gaborone6061 Mission Type Ambassador Website Angola Embassy Jose Agostinho Neto (Portuguese) Embassies of Angola Austria Honorary Consulate Doreen Khama Austrian Honorary Consul in Botswana Belgium Honorary Consulate Embassies serving Botswana Brazil Embassy Joao Inacio Oswald Padilha (Portuguese) Embaixada do Brasil em Gaborone Canada Honorary Consulate Anne Bookbinder Center for the Development of Enterprise Regional Office Sid Boubekeur CDE China Embassy Liu Huanxing Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Botswana Cuba Embassy Ramon D.A. Medina Embassy of Cuba in Botswana Denmark Consulate Leif Bekker Danish Consulates in South Africa, Botswana, DRC, Lesotho, Madagascar, Namibia and Swaziland European Union Delegation of the European Commission Paul Malin Delegation of the European Commission in Botswana Finland Honorary Consulate Samuel Akuna Mpuchane Finland's Honorary Consulate, Gaborone (Botswana) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Country Office Han Gaoju FAO Representation in Botswana France Embassy Geneviève Iancu Embassy of France to Botswana Germany Embassy Ulf Walter Hanel German Embassy Gaborone Ghana Honorary Consulate Afua Daaku Guyana Consulate Terrence H. Pariaug Guyana's Diplomatic & Consular Representatives India High Commission Madhava Chandra High Commission of India International Union for Conservation of Nature Country Office Masego Madzwamuse IUCN Botswana Office Ireland Honorary Consulate Barney O'Reilly Diplomatic and Consular Information for Botswana Israel Honorary Consulate Richard Lyons Italy Honorary Consulate Guido Renato Giachetti Jamaica Consulate Esau Waugh Consul General and Consulates Japan Embassy Ryoichi Matsuyama Embassy of Japan in Botswana Kenya High Commission Daniel Sidinga Libya People's Bureau vacant Mozambique High Commission Tiago R. Castigo Namibia High Commission Hadino Timothy Hishongwe Netherlands Consulate Jan Pitt Gaborone Consulate Nigeria High Commission Isaac O. Onuh Norway Honorary Consulate Per Erik Bergh Russia Embassy Anatoly Nikolaevich Korsun Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Botswana South Africa High Commission Ngconde M. Bryce Balfour Southern African Development Community Headquarters Tomas A. Salomao Southern African Development Community Spain Honorary Consulate Guido Renato Giachetti Sweden Honorary Consulate Abdul Rahim Khan Sweden in Gaborone, Botswana Thailand Honorary Consulate United States Embassy Stephen James Nolan Embassy of the United States United Kingdom High Commission Frank J. Martin British High Commission Gaborone United Nations AIDS Country Coordinator Office Evaristo Marowa UNAIDS CC Office United Nations Children Fund Country Office Barbara G. Reynolds UNICEF United Nations Development Programme Country Office Khin-Sandi Lwin UNDP in Botswana United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Country Office Roy Herrmann United Nations Population Fund Country Office Argentina Matavel UNFPA in Botswana World Health Organization Country Office Eugène Kojo Appiah Nyarko Botswana WHO Country Office Zambia High Commission Mwamutenta R. Musakabantu Zimbabwe Embassy Thomas Mandigora Education Environmental Science Building at the University of Botswana University of Botswana Faculty of Business There are more people who have earned a degree or postgraduate qualifications in Gaborone than anywhere else in Botswana. 70.9% of the population of Gaborone has earned at least a secondary-level education5 Gaborone has many primary and secondary schools, both public and private. These include Westwood International School, Maru-a-Pula School, Legae and Thornhill Primary School. Universities The main campus of the University of Botswana, established in 1982,8 is on the eastern side of the city.36 Other universities include the Limkokwing University Of Creative Technology, which also has a campus in Gaborone. The Botswana Accountancy College, which caters for both accounting and IT students, Gaborone Technical College, and Botswana College of Agriculture (located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the city centre) are also located at Gaborone. The Gaborone Universal College of Law, opened in 2006, has its main campus in Gaborone.62 The university held its first graduation in 2010 for its first graduating class.63 Media A number of newspapers published in Gaborone. They include Mmegi, The Botswana Gazette, and The Voice. Radio station Yarona FM broadcasts from Gaborone; its frequency in Gaborone is 106.6 FM. Another small, local radio station in Gaborone is Gabz FM.64 Before 2000, residents of Gaborone received television programming from BOP TV in Mafikeng via a repeating transmitter on the summit of Kgale Hill.64 Today, the Gaborone Broadcasting Company and Botswana TV provide television programming for Gaborone. Infrastructure Gaborone's is one of the fastest growing cities in Africa. The growth of Gaborone, especially suburban growth, has caused much of the farmland surrounding the city to be absorbed into the city. Much of the food for Gaborone comes from north of the city with some smaller-scale farms on the southern end.65 The city centre was planned to be functionalist,3 with buildings built in the Modern architecture. The city is surrounded by smaller buildings.66 The city's central business district (CBD) is still under construction so when one says downtown, they actually mean the Main Mall and Government Enclave areas where tall buildings are usually found.6667 The Three Dikgosi Monument Gaborone's CBD is home to the new Square Mall, The Tower, the new SADC headquarters, the Industrial Court,68 a court specifically for settling trade disputes,69 and the Three Dikgosi Monument, a landmark featuring the statues of Khama III, Sebele I, and Bathoen I,70 three dikgosi, or chiefs, who traveled to Great Britain to establish the Bechuanaland Protectorate separate from Southern Rhodesia (present-day Zimbabwe) or the Cape Colony (present-day South Africa). The monument was inaugurated on 29 September 2005.71 While the statues represent famous historical figures, there has been some controversy over the cost of the construction, P12,000,000 (approx. US$1.7M, €1.4M, or £1.1M as of June 2010), and over the construction company, North Korean Masundae Overseas Projects, putting the wrong inscription date.72 Other buildings under construction in the CBD include the Holiday Inn Gaborone retail space, and office space.73 Utilities Water The city gets most of its water from the reservoir formed from the Gaborone Dam on the southeast side of the city, which has facilitated growth.10 The city of Gaborone was originally constructed as a small town, so the Gaborone Dam needed to be built to provide water for all its citizens.22 From 2007 to 2008, 23,963,000 cubic metres (6.3304×109 US gal) of water was sold in Gaborone. The government sector bought the most water, 11,359,000 cubic metres (3.0007×109 US gal). 8,564,000 cubic metres (2.262×109 US gal) of water was bought for domestic use, and 4,040,000 cubic metres (1.07×109 US gal) of water was bought by the commercial and industrial sectors. In 2008, the city of Gaborone consumed 25,657,363 kilolitres (6.777958×109 US gal) of water, and the water consumption per capita was 0.184 cubic metres (48.6 US gal) per person per year, the lowest rate since 1999.47 Gaborone has some of the highest water tariffs in the country because of high transportation costs and high water consumption. The high tariffs may also be due to the fact that some of Gaborone's water supply is imported from the Letsibogo Dam.47 The average pH of the water in the Gaborone Dam was 7.95 as of February 2006. The concentration of calcium in the reservoir was 14.87milligrams per litre from April 2001 to August 2006. During the same period, the concentration of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was 57.73 milligrams per litre, slightly over Botswana's ideal concentration which means the water is hard. Also during the same period, the chloride concentration was 6.44 mg/l, the fluoride concentration was 0.54 mg/l, the potassium concentration was 6.72 mg/l, and the sodium concentration was 10.76 mg/l.47 Health Care The Princess Marina Hospital The Botswana Red Cross Society, established in 1968, is headquartered in Gaborone. The Princess Marina Hospital is the main referral hospital in Gaborone and currently houses 500 beds.74 Cancer The Cancer Association of Botswana is a voluntary non-governmental organization established as a trust in 1998. The Association is a leading service provider in supplementing existing services through provision of cancer prevention and health promotion programmes, facilitating access to health services for cancer patients and offering support and counseling to those affected. Its headquarters is at Diktlhakore Way, Extension 12, Gaborone. Transportation Rail The railway that served the founding purpose of the city remains important, bisecting the city in a north-south direction.8 Botswana Railways runs a line that goes from Cape Town to Harare via Bulawayo. The railway station in Gaborone is located south of the Parliament House in the city's center.36 The line stops at the following cities in and near Botswana: Ramatlabama on the South African border, Lobatse, Gaborone, Palapye, Serule, Francistown, Ramokgwebana, and Plumtree, Zimbabwe.75 The line became a cargo-only line starting 1 April 2009.76 Air Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (GBE) Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (ICAO code: FBSK77 IATA code: GBE77) lies 25 kilometres (16 mi)18 north of the city36 and has flights to Johannesburg, Harare, Francistown, and Maun with connections to Kasane and Livingstone.78 It is the headquarters of Air Botswana, the national airline of Botswana. Starting August 2010, Air Botswana has direct flights to Lusaka International Airport in Lusaka, Zambia and flights to Lusaka via Kasane. The airline plans to create a route from Gaborone to Luanda, Angola in the future.79 In 2008, Sir Seretse Khama International Airport handled 15,844 aircraft movements, second only to Maun Airport (ICAO code: FMBN80 IATA code: MUB80) Air traffic in Gaborone has decreased since 2006. However, Gaborone has the most air passenger traffic, accounting for 51.6% of all passenger movement in Botswana. International passengers total 244,073 passengers while domestic air passenger movement comes up to 333,390 passenger.81 For more details on on the following topic, see 1999 Air Botswana incident. Gaborone gained media attention in October 1999 because of the death of Chris Phatswe. Phatswe was a pilot for Air Botswana who committed suicide by crashing his plane into the runway at Sir Seretse Khama International Airport. Before his death, Phatswe was grounded because he was unable to pass the physical. Also, it was later found that he had AIDS. Although he never stated it, these obstacles may have caused him to choose to kill himself. He crashed his plane into two other planes on the tarmac. This almost crushed Air Botswana as they had only one plane left after the incident.82 Airdisaster.com has photos of the aftermath. Road Road map of Gaborone Highways in and around Gaborone include the Trans-Kalahari Highway, A1 Highway, and the Cairo-Cape Town Highway. There are five major roads in Gaborone that go to Lobatse, Kanye, Molepolole, Francistown via Mochudi, and Tlokweng.83 Gaborone has several vehicle licensing stations. 15,538 new private motor vehicles, accounting for 46.5% of Botswana's total new vehicle registrations, were registered in Gaborone in 2008, of which 8,440 were passenger cars, 440 were minibuses, 204 were motorcycles, and 181 were tractors. The total has increased from 12,690 new vehicle registrations in 2007. Gaborone also has the highest number of vehicle registration renewals at 73,206 in 2008.81 Including the district of Gaborone West, Gaborone had 9,415 vehicle accidents with 74 human fatalities in 2008. Most of the traffic collisions in that year, 3,146 collisions, were side collisions. 263 accidents involved animals. The city has also seen 679 pedestrian casualties in 2008; 24 pedestrians were killed. The biggest majority of vehicle accident casualties involved pedestrians, and most traffic accidents occur between 16:00 and 18:00.81 Public transport Kombi Public transport in the city is generally reliable, when compared with major African cities. Kombis (small vans) and taxis ply the routes within the city while buses serve surrounding villages and other towns in Botswana.8 Notable natives and residents See also Category: People from Gaborone Kgosi Gabarone, Motswana chief, after whom the city is named Mpule Kwelagobe, Miss Universe and Miss Universe Botswana 1999 Sumaiyah Marope, Miss Botswana 2009 Matsieng, a Setswana traditional music group, formed in Gaborone Thamsanga Mnyele, member of the African National Congress and artist Dirang Moloi, member of the Botswana national football team Vernon Nkadimeng, member of the African National Congress, killed in Gaborone by the apartheid police Dipsy Selolwane, football player Boniface Tshosa Setlalekgosi, Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Gaborone, Botswana since 1981 Alister Walker, squash player Deane Yates, founder of Maru-a-Pula School Sister cities Gaborone has been twinned with one city and one province: Burbank, USA84 Zhejiang Province, China85 Gallery Street scene near the Main Mall  Gaborone's city centre  Another aerial view of the city  Rhodesia Railways car at the national museum  Aerial view of the city looking east—downtown is in the right-center of the image, with the reservoir just beyond  Statue of Khama outside the Botswana Parliament building  Overlooking Mokolodi Nature Reserve, just outside of Gaborone, Botswana  Skyline of Gaborone  University of Botswana Administration Building  Dormitories for the University of Botswana  Courtyard and University of Botswana buildings  University of Botswana intramural football game  Parliament Buildings of Botswana  References ^ Parsons, Neil (1999-08-19). 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"The last event was the signing ceremony for a twinning arrangement between Zhejiang Province and the Gaborone City Council."  External links Find more about Gaborone on Wikipedia's sister projects: Definitions from Wiktionary Images and media from Commons Gaborone City Council Website Gaborone travel guide from Wikitravel Gaborone Satellite view at WikiMapia (not affiliated with Wikipedia/Wikimedia Foundation) Gaborone Encyclopædia Britannica entry Gaborone – Botswana Tourism Board Map of Gaborone Botswana portal  Articles Related to Gaborone v · d · e Botswana topics History Bantu expansion  · Cape Colony  · United States of Stellaland  · Bechuanaland Protectorate  · History of Gaborone Geography Districts · Sub-districts  · Cities (Capital)  · Lakes (Reservoirs)  · Mountains · Rivers  · Climate  · Wildlife  · Extreme points Politics President  · Government  · Political parties  · Elections (Constituencies) · Constitution  · Foreign relations · Military  · Law enforcement  · Human rights (LGBT rights) Economy Agriculture  · Energy  · Tourism  · Botswanan pula  · Communications  · Companies  · Mining  · Transport  · Trade unions  · Health Demographics People · Ethnic groups · Religion · Education  · Languages Culture Architecture  · Cuisine · Flag · Literature  · Media  · Music  · Public Holidays · Sport · Olympics Portal   Geographic locale Lat. and Long. 24°39′29″S 25°54′44″E / 24.65806°S 25.91222°E / -24.65806; 25.91222 v · d · e South-East District of the Republic of Botswana Cities Gaborone Rural villages Mogobane · Otse · Ramotswa · Tlokweng v · d · eCapitals of Districts of Botswana Capital, District     Serowe, Central District Ghanzi, Ghanzi District Tshabong, Kgalagadi District Mochudi, Kgatleng District Molepolole, Kweneng District Masunga, North-East District Maun, North-West District Gaborone, South-East District Kanye, Southern District Italics indicates national capital. v · d · e50 largest cities of Botswana by population Italics indicate capitals of districts     Gaborone Francistown Molepolole Serowe Selebi-Phikwe Maun Kanye Mahalapye Mogoditshane Mochudi Lobatse Palapye Ramotswa Moshupa Tlokweng Bobonong Thamaga Letlhakane Tonota Mmadinare Jwaneng Tutume Gabane Shoshong Ghanzi Letlhakeng Orapa Kopong Mmopane Kasane Shakawe Lentsweletau Molapowabojang Gumare Tshabong Lerala Mmathethe Gweta Mathangwane Mmankgodi Maitengwe Rakops Dukwi Mopipi Etsha Otse Sefophe Sehithwa Sefhare Nata Retrieved from Botswana's 2001 Population and Housing Census v · d · eCapitals of Africa     Abuja, Nigeria Accra, Ghana Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Algiers, Algeria Antananarivo, Madagascar Asmara, Eritrea Bamako, Mali Bangui, Central African Republic Banjul, Gambia Bissau, Guinea-Bissau Bloemfontein, South Africa 1 Brazzaville, Rep. of the Congo Bujumbura, Burundi Cairo, Egypt Cape Town, South Africa 2 Conakry, Guinea Dakar, Senegal Djibouti, Djibouti Dodoma, Tanzania Freetown, Sierra Leone Gaborone, Botswana Harare, Zimbabwe Hargeisa, Somaliland 4 Jamestown, Saint Helena Kampala, Uganda Khartoum, Sudan Kigali, Rwanda Kinshasa, D.R. Congo Libreville, Gabon Lilongwe, Malawi Lobamba, Swaziland 2 Lomé, Togo Luanda, Angola Lusaka, Zambia Malabo, Equatorial Guinea Mamoudzou, Mayotte Maputo, Mozambique Maseru, Lesotho Mbabane, Swaziland 3 Mogadishu, Somalia Monrovia, Liberia Moroni, Comoros Nairobi, Kenya N'Djamena, Chad Niamey, Niger Nouakchott, Mauritania Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Port Louis, Mauritius Porto-Novo, Benin Praia, Cape Verde Pretoria, South Africa 3 Rabat, Morocco Saint-Denis, Réunion São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe Tripoli, Libya Tunis, Tunisia Victoria, Seychelles Windhoek, Namibia Yaoundé, Cameroon Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire 1 Judicial. 2 Parliamentary. 3 Executive. 4 An unrecognised or partially-recognised state.