Anarchism in Ukraine

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While living in Geneva, he wrote numerous political tracts against all sorts of centralized governments and favored a bottom-up form of democracy of small communities organized on a federative basis, often referring to the Swiss form of government as a model. Anarchists were active in the Russian Revolution of 1905 and suffered repression following its failure. Maria Nikiforova was arrested at this time, as was Sasha Shapiro, father of the anarchist mathematician, Alexander Grothendieck1. Nestor Makhno and other anarcho-communists continued their attacks against aristocrats and capitalists throughout the south-eastern part of Ukraine. Makhno became active again after the Russian Revolution of 1917 in the raion of Huliaipole in a peasant region. Anarchist communes formed across south-eastern Ukraine, many of them productive enough to exchange wheat for textiles with workers in Moscow. Makhno at one time fought with Bolsheviks against the White Army and, because of his refusal to subordinate his army under Bolshevik command, he was denounced as a bandit, betrayed, and ultimately defeated by the Bolsheviks. For a duration of three years he formed the Free Territory with his (mostly peasant) Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine. The Free Territory existed only until June 1919, but in that time, communities operated successfully on the economic theories of the anarchist Peter Kropotkin and educational principles of Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia.verification needed Makhno tried to defend the Free Territory against further attacks by the Bolshevik and White armies, but lost ground throughout 1920 and 1921. By the end of 1921, the anarchist groups in Ukraine had been arrested or dispersed. Makhno fled to Romania, then Poland, and finally Paris, where he wrote his memoirs and proposed organizational tactics based on what he had learned in Ukraine. Contemporary There are some collectives and groups existing in the region of Ukraine, who define themselves as anarchists, like: Svobodna - anarcha-feminist web-page (Russian language) www.svobodna.org.ua and Zaraz - Kiev’s portal of libertarian initiatives, www.zaraz.org. See also at Abolishing the borders from below anarchist magazine from eastern Europe. References ^ 'Comme Appelé du Néant: Part 1' by Allyn Jackson, Notices of the American Mathematical Society Vol. 51,No. 10, p1038 - 1056 External links Homepage about Nestor Makhno (Russian) Bibliography Arshinov, Peter. History of the Makhnovist Movement Rudnytsky, Ivan L., DRAHOMANOV AS A POLITICAL THEORIST in Mykhaylo Drahomanov: A Symposium and Selected Writings, The Annals of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., Vol. II, Spring, 1952, No. 1 (3), pp. 70-130. Makhno, Nestor. Memoirs Makhno, Nestor. The Struggle Against the State and Other Essays Skirda, Alexandre. Nestor Makhno: Anarchy's Cossack Voline. The Unknown Revolution v · d · eAnarchism in Europe Sovereign states Albania · Andorra · Armenia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Georgia · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey · Ukraine · United Kingdom (England • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales) States with limited recognition Abkhazia · Kosovo · Nagorno-Karabakh Republic · Northern Cyprus · South Ossetia · Transnistria This anarchism-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e This European history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e