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It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Cooperative breeding. (Discuss) Proposed since August 2008. It has been suggested that Platonic parenting be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2009. Look up alloparenting in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In biology and sociology, alloparenting is where individuals other than the actual parents act in a parental role. One common form of alloparenting is where grandparents adopt a parental role. This is sometimes named a "skipped generation household". In 1997, 8% of children in the United States lived with their grandparents, with the grandparents being the caregivers in one third of those cases.[1] According to Deihl[2], the Efé people of Ituri Forest in the Democratic Republic of Congo practice alloparenting, with care for infants coming from siblings, grandparents, and older members of the community. Deihl states that where siblings are alloparents this provides adolescents experience of being a parent, and that similar practice in the United States would reduce the rate of teenage pregnancy and make teenage parents "better parent[s] when they do become parents". References ^ "Alloparenting". Texas Registry of Parent Educator Resources. http://www.unt.edu/cpe/module1/blk6allo.htm. Retrieved 2005-12-28.  ^ Erin Deihl. "Cross-Cultural Perspective on Adolescent Parenting: Efe and Korea". How do adolescents transition into parenthood?. http://www.oberlin.edu/faculty/ndarling/transition/group9/efekorean.html. Retrieved 2005-12-28. dead link v · d · eParenting See also: School · Family · template Family Types Adoptive · Alloparenting · Complex family · Coparenting · Foster care · LGBT · Noncustodial · Nuclear family · Orphaned · Shared · Single parent · Stepfamily · Surrogacy · In loco parentis Biology Attachment theory · Child development · Cognitive development · Developmental psychology · Human development · Love · Maternity · Maternal bond · Nature versus nurture · Parental investment · Paternal bond · Pediatrics · Social psychology Styles Attachment parenting · Concerted cultivation · Gatekeeper parent · Helicopter parent · Nurturant parenting · Slow parenting · Soccer mom · Strict father model · Parenting For Everyone · Taking Children Seriously · Work at home parent Techniques After-school activity · Allowance · Bedtime · Childcare · Co-sleeping · Homeschooling · Latchkey kid · Play (date) · Role model · Spoiled child · Television · Toy (educational) Discipline Blanket training · Corporal punishment in the home · Curfew · Grounding · Naughty chair · Tactical ignoring · Time-out Abuse Child abandonment · Child abuse · Child labour · Child neglect · Cinderella effect · Incest · Narcissistic parents · Parental abuse by children Legal / social aspects Child support · Cost of raising a child · Marriage · Parental responsibility (Deadbeat parent)  · Paternity Experts Tanya Byron · James Dobson · Rudolf Dreikurs · David Elkind · Jo Frost · Haim Ginott · Thomas Gordon · Annette Lareau · Penelope Leach · Madeline Levine · William Sears · Benjamin Spock This sociology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e This biology article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e


observed alloparenting infants and older infants e g ventro ventral carrying As young adults 9 13 years and adults 15+ years males alloparented more than females see Figure 1 Figure 1 Alloparent sex and age class effect on parenting Qualitative notes indicate that both males and females frequently initiated alloparental care by presenting their ventrum to
http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn37-1.html

Alloparenting-What Is It? - Biology Online

An introduction to what alloparenting is. No examples, just explanation of benefits to alloparenting to all involved in the activity--parents, young, and alloparents.



A mother capuchin carrying an infant on her back Photo courtesy of Arthur Grosset
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/vecase/Behavior/Spring2005/Tanner/maternalcare.htm

alloparenting - Wiktionary

alloparenting (uncountable) parental behaviour towards infants and young from non-parents ... Retrieved from "http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/alloparenting" ...



interactions Gould et al 2003 Koyama 2002 Sussman 1991 Advantages to living in groups include group food foraging predation protection allogrooming and alloparenting Individual groups live in overlapping home ranges Home ranges are more feasible than territories because food sources are seasonal clumped and unpredictable Group foraging
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/vecase/behavior/Spring2003/Dennis/introduction.html

Alloparenting

Alloparenting from Wikipedia. In biology and sociology, alloparenting is where individuals other than the actual parents act in a parental role. ...



The Red whiskered Bulbul belongs to the Asian Pycnonotus
http://zipcodezoo.com/Key/Animalia/Pycnonotidae_Family.asp

Alloparenting - Psychology Wiki

In biology and sociology, alloparenting is where individuals other than the actual parents act in a parental role.



An animal that nurses adopts or otherwise cares for an offspring that is not its own is termed an alloparent Alloparenting is a form of altruism and has been observed in many species of
http://www.springer.com/life+sci?SGWID=0-10027-2-442410-0

Cooperative breeding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

It has been suggested that Alloparenting be merged into this article or section. ... This distinguishes it from alloparenting, which is simply the act of ...



Marmoset Social Cooperation Courtesy www rossparkzoo com There is only one type of social cooperation in marmosets alloparenting its relation to cooperative breeding and group territorial defense This is
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/vecase/Behavior/Spring2003/pierce/socialcooperation.htm

Mama Holds the Key - The Common Review

But how does alloparenting evolve? According to the hypothesis of misplaced parenting ... However, infant-crazed, alloparenting, immature female primates probably gain critical ...



However John Maniscalco a research associate at the Alaska SeaLife Center has been watching Steller sea lions at a small rookery in the northern Gulf of Alaska for more than six continuous
http://www.springer.com/life+sci?SGWID=0-10027-2-442410-0

Alloparenting among the Argentine Toba: ecological correlates

Assuming that alloparenting evolved as an adaptive. response to the demands of the environment, I was interested in exploring how alloparenting ...



infants New mothers do not allow strange or newly transferred males to approach them and are extremely aggressive toward any unfamiliar or peripheral males Nakamichi Koyama 2000 In addition to licking and grooming new infants members of the social group provide varying degrees of infant care for the mother in a behavior called alloparenting Jolly 1966 Gould
http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/entry/ring-tailed_lemur/behav

Alloparenting after Hrdy | john hawks weblog

Alloparenting after Hrdy. Sarah Blaffer Hrdy has written a new book, Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding to be ...



Sea Lion Moms Adopt Orphaned Babies | LiveScience

California sea lion mothers may adopt orphaned pups, according to study. ... is likely evidence of adoption, not alloparenting, according to Flatz and her co-author, Leah Gerber. ...